Publications
The latest research and analysis from the Berkeley Risk and Security Lab
Technological Surprise and Normalization Through Use: The Tactical and Discursive Effects of New Precision-Strike Weapons in the Russo-Ukrainian War
A new journal article on forecasting the implications of weapons technologies.
Dr. Cameron Tracy
Observing the unobservable: Wargaming cyber deterrence
A study leveraging a new experimental wargame to solve challenges faced by nuclear deterrence analysts.
Andrew W. Reddie, Bethany L. Goldblum, Mika Armenta, Ruby Booth, Kiran Lakkaraju, Joshua Letchford, Jason Reinhardt, Matthew L. Schnell
Quantification of Hypersonic Missile Capabilities using the Hypersonic Glide Vehicle Simulator: A User Manual
This is a user guide for the Hypersonic Glide Vehicle Simulator.
Dr. Cameron L. Tracy, Dr. David Wright, Justin Ly, Anita Ding
New START’s Expiration and the Need for Continued Nuclear Restraint
This joint statement expresses concerns and outlines risks associated with the expiration of the U.S.–Russian Treaty on Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (New START) on 5 February 2026.
Signatories: Affiliations are for identification purposes only and do not reflect institutional positions. Lucian Bumeder, Researcher, Institute for Peace Research and Security Policy at the University of Hamburg Thomas Countryman, Chairman, Board of Directors, Arms Control Association Tobias Fella, Project Director and Senior Researcher, Institute for Peace Research and Security Policy at the University of Hamburg Steve Fetter, Professor, School of Public Policy, University of Maryland Alexander Graef, Non-Resident Fellow, Institute for Peace Sesearch and Security Policy at the University of Hamburg Patricia Jaworek, Director, Global Nuclear Policy Program, Nuclear Threat Initiative Daryl G. Kimball, Executive Director, Arms Control Association Angela Kane, Former United Nations Under-Secretary-General and High Representative for Disarmament Affairs Laura Kennedy, Ambassador (Ret.), Former U.S. Representative to the Conference on Disarmament, Hans Kristensen, Director, Nuclear Information Project, Federation of American Scientists Noah C. Mayhew, Senior Research Associate, Vienna Center for Disarmament and Non-Proliferation Oliver Meier, Senior Commissioner, Challenges to Deep Cuts Victor Mizin, Leading Researcher, Institute of World Economy and International Relations Götz Neuneck, Chairman, Federation of German Scientists; Senior Research Fellow, Institute for Peace Research and Security Policy at the University of Hamburg Hanna Notte, Director, Eurasia Nonproliferation Program, James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies Olga Oliker, Senior Commissioner, Challenges to Deep Cuts Steven Pifer, Affiliate, Center for International Security and Cooperation, Stanford University Lindsay Rand, Research Scholar, U.C. Berkeley Lynn Rusten, Former Senior Director for Arms Control and Nonproliferation on the National Security Council staff Greg Thielmann, Retired American Foreign Service Officer; Member, Arms Control Association Tim Thies, Researcher, Institute for Peace Research and Security Policy at the University of Hamburg Andrei Zagorski, Professor, Institute of World Economy and International Relations Wolfgang Zellner, Senior Research Fellow, Institute for Peace Research and Security Policy at the University of Hamburg
Wargaming Deception
A new report on using wargaming as a tool to analyze deception in the context of international security.
Hiroyasu Akutsu, Ruby Booth, Rex Brynen, Scott DeJong, Stephen Downes-Martin, Richard Garber, Mark Howard, Alex Karasick, Andrew Reddie
The LLM Mirage: Economic Interests and the Subversion of Weaponization Controls
LLM Mirage, the belief that national security risks scale in proportion to the compute used to train frontier language models, is shaping U.S. AI security policy. This piece unpacks why that belief may be misguided.
Ritwik Gupta, Andrew Reddie
The Key Challenges of Governing Commercial Spyware
Explaining key issues holding up progress in commercial spyware governance.
Dr. Elaine Korzak
Regulating Commercial Spyware Through Export Controls
Insights offered by the Wassenaar export controls into the regulation of commercial spyware — and why that, in turn, makes them instructive for current initiatives like the Pall Mall Process.
Dr. Elaine Korazak
The Illusion of Convergence: Interrogating China-Russia Nuclear Parallels
Understanding differences between the drivers of Russian and Chinese nuclear behavior can inform deterrence and escalation management.
Linda Bachg and Daniel Kroth.
Cybercrime gets an upgrade
Artificial Intelligence is reshaping the business of cybercrime.
Gil Baram, Leah Walker
New UN Permanent Mechanism on Cybersecurity is Saddled with Old Controversies
How the global mechanisms indicated in the 2021-2025 open-ended working group (OEWG)'s final report fall short — and why that hampers meaningful progress within the forum dedicated to this in the UN.
Building an AI Red Teaming Discipline
As commercial artificial intelligence models have become increasingly sophisticated, we need to build a discipline around red teaming tools, protocols, and red teamers themselves.
Leah Walker, Jake Hecla, Cara Marie Wagner, Andrew Reddie